丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物-聚氯乙烯复合材料的动态力学性能和声学性能研究

Dynamic Mechanical and Acoustic Properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer-Poly(vinyl chloride)Composites

为了制备高降噪材料,以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为基体,添加了丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、硅藻土、偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)发泡剂等填料,并利用熔融共混法分别制备了硅藻土/AC/PVC和硅藻土/AC/ABS-PVC复合材料。研究了ABS和AC发泡剂的加入对硅藻土/PVC复合材料的吸声和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,分散在PVC基体中的ABS起弹性体的作用,并增加体系的阻尼性能。扫描电子显微镜显示,当AC发泡剂质量分数为1.0%时,硅藻土/AC/ABS-PVC复合材料的发泡效果最佳。并且这种体系具有最佳吸声效果,在6300 Hz处吸声系数可达0.86,平均吸声系数为0.26。

In order to solve the problem of noise pollution,acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer(ABS),diatomite,azodicarbonamide(AC)foaming agent and other fillers were added to the poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)matrix.Diatomite/AC/PVC composites and diatomite/AC/ABS-PVC composites were prepared by melt blending method.The effects of ABS and AC foaming agent additions on sound absorption and dynamic mechanical properties of diatomite/PVC composites were studied.The results show that the dispersion of ABS in PVC matrix plays the role of elastomer,which can toughen the composite and increase the damping property of the system.Scanning electron microscope observation indicates that diatomite/AC/ABS-PVC composite has the best foaming effect when the AC foaming agent content is 1.0%.In addition,this composite possesses the best sound absorption effect.The sound absorption coefficient is 0.86 at 6300 Hz,and the average sound absorption coefficient of composites can reach 0.26.