激光器在增材制造中的应用

Application of Lasers in Additive Manufacturing

为了解激光对增材制造的影响,综述了增材制造中广泛应用的激光类型,针对每种激光类型分析了增材制造相关的重要参数。此外,对于每种激光器在增材制造中应用存在的优点和限制性进行了剖析。对于每种增材制造方式,介绍了所适用激光器的最新进展。最后,讨论了基于激光技术的增材制造的未来前景。研究表明,CO2和Nd∶YAG激光器仍然是各种激光制造技术的中坚力量;Yb光纤激光器具有更高的平均功率、系统稳定性、高参数可调性和低维护成本等优势,正逐渐替代Nd∶YAG激光器;尽管准分子激光器光束质量相对较低且成本较高,但仍需要其基于高功率紫外激光的增材制造以用于研究目的;基于激光的增材制造必须根据目标性能选择作为增材制造的激光源。

In order to fully understand the influence of laser on additive manufacturing,the types of lasers widely used in additive manufacturing were reviewed,and important parameters related to additive manufacturing were analyzed for each type of laser.In addition,the advantages and limitations of each laser in additive manufacturing were inspected.For each additive manufacturing method,the latest progress of applicable lasers was introduced.The future of laser-based additive manufacturing was discussed at the end.Conclusion:CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers are still the backbone of various manufacturing technologies;Yb-fiber lasers have advantages such as higher average power,system stability,high parameter tunability,and low maintenance costs,and are gradually replacing Nd:YAG Lasers;although excimer lasers have relatively low beam quality and high cost,they can still be used for additive manufacturing that requires high-power UV laser beams;laser-based additive manufacturing must choose a laser source for additive manufacturing based on target performance.