妊娠晚期孕妇B族链球菌筛查的意义及结果分析

The significance and result analysis of group B streptococcus(GBS)screening in pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy

目的观察分析妊娠晚期孕妇B族链球菌(GBS)筛查的意义及结果。方法573例妊娠晚期孕妇作为研究对象,选取其中GBS筛查结果为阳性的58例孕妇为阳性组,另随机选取58例GBS筛查结果阴性的孕妇为阴性组。所有孕妇均进行标本采集及GBS检测。比较573例妊娠晚期孕妇GBS检测阳性情况,比较两组孕妇不良妊娠结局发生情况与新生儿不良结局发生情况。结果573例妊娠晚期孕妇经GBS检测后发现58例GBS阳性孕妇,阳性检出率为10.12%,其中年龄<35岁孕妇GBS阳性率为9.52%(10/105),年龄≥35岁孕妇GBS阳性率为10.26%(48/468);初产孕妇GBS阳性率为10.02%(49/489),经产孕妇GBS阳性率为10.71%(9/84);流产次数<3次孕妇GBS阳性率为9.68%(3/31),流产次数≥3次孕妇GBS阳性率为10.15%(55/542),组内比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。阴性组不良妊娠结局总发生率为15.52%低于阳性组的34.48%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阴性组新生儿不良结局发生率为12.07%低于阳性组的29.31%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论GBS感染极易增加孕妇不良妊娠结局风险,影响新生儿健康,因此产前及时对妊娠晚期孕妇行GBS筛查尤为必要。

Objective To observe and analyze the significance and result analysis of group B streptococcus screening in pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy.Methods 573 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy were selected as the research subjects,of which 58 pregnant women with positive GBS screening results were selected as the positive group,and 58 pregnant women with negative GBS screening results were randomly selected as the negative group.All pregnant women undergo specimen collection and GBS testing.The positive status of GBS test in 573 pregnant women in the third trimester was compared,and the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and adverse neonatal outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results Among 573 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy,58 cases were found to be GBS positive,the positive detection rate was 10.12%.Among them,the positive rate of GBS was 9.52%(10/105)in women<35 years old,and 10.26%(48/468)in women≥35 years old;the positive rate of GBS was 10.02%(49/489)in primipara,10.71%(9/84)in multiparous,9.68%(3/31)in pregnant women<3 abortions,and 10.15%(55/542)in pregnant women≥3 abortions.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes of negative group was 15.52%,which was lower than 34.48%of positive group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse outcomes of negative group was 12.07%,which was lower than 29.31%of positive group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion GBS infection is very likely to increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome in pregnant women and affect the health of newborns.Therefore,timely GBS screening is particularly necessary for pregnant women in the third trimester before pregnancy.