Masquelet技术修复骨缺损的实验研究现状和展望

Experimental research status and prospect of masquelet technique for repairing bone defect

骨缺损在骨科较为常见,通常是由于创伤、感染或骨肿瘤导致。目前常用的治疗方法包括自体或同种异体骨移植技术、带血管蒂骨移植、骨搬移技术和Masquelet技术。Masquelet技术是一种创新的、两阶段骨重建治疗方法,在骨缺损处放置聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯间隔物会诱导新组织形成,称为"诱导膜"。该技术具有许多优点,通常比带血管骨瓣移植或Ilizarov技术更可取。尽管Masquelet技术已经取得了很高的临床成功率,但是目前对该技术的工作原理仍然知之甚少,并且很少开发出膜诱导的动物模型。本文全面回顾了有关膜诱导动物模型的文献,并且对Masquelet技术在骨缺损修复的实验研究进行综述。

Bone defects are more common in orthopaedics,usually due to trauma,infection,or bone tumors.The treatment methods include autogenous or allograft bone grafting,vascularized fibular grafting,distraction osteogenesis and Masquelet techniques.Masquelet technique is an innovative,two-step therapeutic approach for bone reconstruction in which the placement of a polymethylmethacrylate spacer into the bone defect induces the neo-formation of a tissue called"induced membrane".This surgical technique has many advantages and is preferable to vascularized bone flap transplantation or Ilizarov techniques.Although Masquelet technology has achieved a high clinical success rate,little is known about how it works and few animal models are developed for membrane induction.A comprehensive review of the literature on membrane-induced animal models and a review of experimental studies on Masquelet techniques in bone defect repair is presented.