福建省三明市杂交水稻制种基地发展模式与提升途径研究

Research on Development Mode and Promotion Way of Hybrid Rice Seed Production Base in Sanming,Fujian

采用专家访谈、实地调研、文献分析等方法研究了制种类型和组合最为齐全的福建省三明市杂交水稻制种基地的发展现状、模式与途径,以期为推进国家级种子生产基地建设和中国现代种业提升提供参考。结果表明,三明市杂交水稻制种基地形成了全要素资源综合利用的制种模式、多种经营主体并存的组织模式、关键环节支持补助的政策模式和多种平台引领的科技模式等发展模式。研究认为,随着乡村振兴战略的实施,制种基地可通过提升技术创新、生产加工、全程机械化等能力来发展壮大。在发展模式上,国家级育制种基地的发展要与国家现代种业提升工程相结合,从种质资源保护、育种创新、品种测试、制(繁)种等项目中找准基地的建设内容,保证农作物种子的有效供应;在体制机制方面,国家-省-市-县四级要加快完善制种基地的体制机制,实现基地建设和体制机制双完善,推动中国杂交水稻制种基地的发展壮大,增强中国种业安全保障能力。

Using the methods of expert interview, field investigation and literature analysis, the development status, mode and approach of the hybrid rice seed production bases of Sanming City of Fujian Province with the most complete seed production types and combinations were studied to provide references for upgrade of the construction of national hybrid rice seed production bases and improvement of modern seed industry in China. The results showed that the hybrid rice seed production bases of Sanming City had formed the development modes including the seed production mode with total factor comprehensive utilization of resources, the organization pattern to acknowledge the co-existence of different operators, the policy model with the key link to support subsidy and the scientific research model with multi-platform guidance. The research suggests that, along with implementation of the strategy for rural revitalization, seed production bases can develop and grow through improving the ability in the technological innovation, production and processing, whole-process mechanization and so on. With respect to the development mode, the development of the national breeding and seed production bases should be combined with the national modern seed industry upgrading project, and the construction content of the bases should be identified from the protection of germplasm resources, breeding innovation, varietal testing, seed production(multiplication) and other projects, so as to ensure the effective supply of crop seeds. In regard to the system and mechanism, improvement of the development mode and mechanism of the bases should be accelerated at four levels from county, prefecture, province to nation, and improvement of both base construction and the system and mechanism should be realized to upgrade the national hybrid rice seed production bases and strengthen the capacity to ensure the security of national seed industry.