不同精粗比日粮中添加丁酸梭菌对断奶羔羊生长性能、血清指标及经济效益的影响

Effects of adding Clostridium butyricum to diets with different concentrate to forage ratios on growth performance,serum indexes and economic benefits of weaned lambs

试验旨在研究不同精粗比日粮中添加丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum,CB)对断奶羔羊生长性能、血清指标及经济效益的影响。采用2×2因子试验设计,以不同精粗比(4060、6040)和丁酸梭菌(0、1.0×10^8CFU/kg)为两因素,选取48只(公母各半)2~3月龄的健康断奶黑山羊(乐至型),按体重随机分为4个处理组(每个组4个重复,每个重复3只羊),分别为低精组(LD-0)、低精加丁酸梭菌组(LD-CB)、高精组(HD-0)和高精加丁酸梭菌组(HD-CB)。预试期10 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:①高精组日粮显著降低了羔羊平均日采食量(P<0.05),但对于干物质采食量和料重比均无显著影响(P>0.10);与对照组相比,丁酸梭菌组羔羊平均日增重提高了16.29%,料重比降低了17.25%(P<0.10)。②高精组羔羊血清白蛋白(ALB)和总胆固醇(TC)的含量显著高于低精组(P<0.05),血清尿素氮(BUN)的含量显著低于低精组(P<0.05);丁酸梭菌组的总胆固醇(TC)含量较对照组降低了12.16%(P<0.10),但对其他血清生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.10)。③日粮精粗比对血清抗氧化指标无显著影响(P>0.10);与对照组相比,丁酸梭菌能显著降低血清丙二醛(MDA)的含量(P<0.05),有提高血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量的趋势(P<0.10)。④日粮精粗比对血清免疫指标无显著影响(P>0.10);丁酸梭菌组的免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)较对照组分别提高了31.41%(P<0.05)、21.48%(P<0.05)、19.21%(P<0.10)。⑤高精组每只羊日收益比低精组高0.50元;丁酸梭菌组的每只羊日收益较对照组高0.81元。综上所述,在精粗比为6040的日粮中添加1.0×10^8CFU/kg丁酸梭菌对断奶羔羊的生长性能、血清生化、抗氧化及免疫功能效果较好,增加了经济效益。因此,丁酸梭菌可以作为一种新型的益生菌制剂应用于断奶羔羊培育中。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of the addition of Clostridium butyricum(CB)to diets of different concentrate to forage ratios on the growth performance,serum indexes and economic benefits of weaned lambs.A 2×2 factor test design was adopted and two factors were the ratio of concentrate to forage(4060,6040)and the adding level of Clostridium butyricum(0,1.0×10^8 CFU/kg)as two factors.The 48 weaned lambs(wet male and female half)aged about 2 to 3 months(Lezhi type)with similar body weight and health condition were randomly assigned to 4 group with 4 replicates per group and 3 lambs per replicate,which groups were the low concentrate group(LD-0),low concentrate supplemented with Clostridium butyricum group(LD-CB group),high concentrate group(HD-0)and high concentrate supplemented with Clostridium butyricum group(HD-CB).The pretest was 10 days and the period was 60 days.The results showed that:①The diet of the high-concentrate group significantly reduced the average daily feed intake of lambs(P<0.05),but had no significant effect on the dry matter intake and feed-weight ratio(P>0.10);compared to the control group,the average daily weight gain of lambs in CB group increased by16.29%,and the feed-to-gain ratio decreased by 17.25%(P<0.10).②The content of serum albumin(ALB)and total cholesterol(TC)in lambs of high-concentrate group was significantly higher than the diet of low-concentrate group(P<0.05),and the content of serum urea nitrogen(BUN)was significantly lower than that the diet of low-concentrate group(P<0.05).Compared with control,the content of total cholesterol(TC)in CB group was lower by 12.16%,but it had no significant effect on other serum biochemical indicators(P>0.10).③There was no significant difference in that contents of these serum antioxidant indexes in the dietary of different concentrate to forage ratios(P>0.10).The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum of lambs in CB group decreased significantly(P<0.05)and the contents of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in serum of lambs tended to be higher than that in CON group(P<0.10).④There was no significant difference in that contents of these serum immune indexes in the dietary of different concentrate to forage ratios(P>0.10).The contents of immunoglobulin(IgA),immunoglobulin(IgM)and immunoglobulin(IgG)in serum of lambs the CB group were increased by 31.41%(P<0.05),21.48%(P<0.05),19.21%(P<0.10)than that in the control group,respectively.⑤The daily income of each sheep in the highprecision group is 0.50 yuan higher than that of the low-precision group.The daily income of each sheep in the Clostridium butyricum group was 0.81 yuan higher than the price of the control group.In summary,adding 1.0×10^8 CFU/kg Clostridium butyricumt into the dietary concentrate to roughage ratio 6040 has better effects on growth performance,serum biochemical,antioxidant and immune functions in weaned lambs,and it could improve economic efficiency.Therefore,Clostridium butyricum could be used as a new probiotic preparation in weaned lamb production.