侧深施用控释肥对机插中稻生长、产量及氮肥农学效率的影响

Effects of side deep apply controlled release fertilizer on growth,yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency in transplanted middle-season rice

针对水稻生产中化肥施用量大、施肥方式不合理及肥料利用率低等问题,以‘九香粘’品种为材料,在5种不同施肥处理下进行随机区组小区试验,研究了侧深施用控释肥对机插中稻生长、产量及氮肥农学效率的影响。结果表明:较对照,采用侧深施用控释肥处理的水稻茎蘖数显著增多,植株器官干物质重和收获指数均较高,有效穗、穗粒数、结实率、产量和氮肥农学效率提高显著,株高和千粒重差异不明显,侧深施用控释尿素、控释尿素减氮20%和控释复合肥处理的平均增产率分别为9.98%、7.53%和8.37%,氮肥农学效率分别提高34.57%、57.62%和29.02%。处理效果以控释尿素最好,控释复合肥优于常规尿素。机插中稻侧深施用控释肥可改变机插中稻群体质量,促进产量形成,提高产量和氮肥农学效率。

Aimed to the problems of excessive amount of fertilizer,unreasonable fertilization methods and low fertilizer efficiency in rice,a random block plot experiment was carried out to explore the effects of side deep apply controlled release fertilizer on growth,yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency in transplanted middle-season rice Jiuxiangzhan under five treatments of fertilization.The results showed that the number of tillers,dry matter,harvest index,effective panicle,grains per panicle,seed-setting rate,yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency were higher than that of the control significantly of controlled release fertilizer,the difference between the height and 1000-grain weight was not obvious,the average yield rate of side deep apply controlled release urea,controlled release urea reduce 20% and controlled release compound fertilizer increased by 9.98%,7.53% and 8.37%,the nitrogen agronomic efficiency increased rate by 34.57%,57.62% and 29.02%,respectively.The effects showed that controlled release compound fertilizer is better than conventional urea,and worse than controlled release urea.It can be seen that side deep apply controlled release fertilizer can change the population quality of transplanted middle-season rice,promote the formation of yield,improve the yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency.