西湖风景区竹林景观的空间、功能与生态变迁

Spatial,functional and ecological changes of bamboo landscape in the West Lake Scenic Area

根据卫星遥感数据分析2007年和2017年杭州西湖风景区竹林景观的空间分布特征,结合对主要竹林景观的抽样调查和文献分析,梳理了西湖风景区竹林景观近十年的历史演变。通过比较分析竹林景观的空间分布、功能组成与生物多样性的变化,探讨西湖风景区竹林景观动态变化的基本规律,并提出相应的优化策略。研究表明:西湖风景区的竹林面积整体减少,空间破碎化和复杂度也在同步降低,同时表现出空间分布的异质性;生产性竹林相较于观赏性竹林,减少速率更快,其在竹林中的占比也在减少;竹林的生物多样性也在近十年有所减低,对当地生态系统服务功能产生负面影响。对于西湖风景区竹林景观的未来发展,需要权衡其景观优势和生态影响,基于空间和功能特征进行差异化的规划和管理。

In this study,remote sensing data were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of bamboo landscape in the West Lake Scenic Area,Hangzhou in 2007 and 2017.Sampling survey and literature analysis were also applied to describe the historical evolution of bamboo landscape in the West Lake Scenic Area in the recent ten years.Based on the comparative analysis of spatial distribution,functional component and biodiversity changes in the bamboo landscape,we explored the basic rules of dynamic changes of the bamboo landscape in the West Lake Scenic Area and proposed corresponding optimization strategies.The results show that,the area of bamboo forests in the West Lake Scenic Area decreases on the whole,accompanied with the decrease of spatial fragmentation and complex,and meanwhile spatial distribution heterogeneity is shown.Compared with ornamental bamboo forests,productive bamboo forests reduce at a faster speed,and its proportion is also decreasing.The biodiversity of bamboo forests has also declined in the recent ten years,causing a negative impact on the local ecosystem.With regard to the future development of bamboo landscape in the West Lake Scenic Area,we should consider the tradeoff between landscape advantage and ecological impacts of bamboo landscape,and apply the differentiation strategies of planning and management based on the spatial and functional variation.