相对贫困与治理的长效机制:从理论到政策

Relative Poverty and Its Long-term Mechanism of Governance:From Theories to Policies

相对贫困理论与绝对贫困理论经过激烈的争论,开始走向和解。相对贫困研究的最新趋势是走向“双向运动”,一方面持续拓展社会视角的维度,另一方面也将“基本生活需要”纳入分析范畴。“双向运动”影响了相对贫困理论的视角和指标,形成了低线和高线两种类型的相对贫困界定。中国的相对贫困治理积累了一些地方经验,但是由于缺乏社会视角而延续了绝对贫困的治理思路。构建中国相对贫困治理的长效机制,需要综合考虑相对贫困的维度和社会政策的取向。

Absolute poverty theory and relative poverty theory have reached reconciliation after a long debate. Relative poverty research is now experiencing"double movements". On the one hand,it continues to build from the dimension of social perspective;on the other hand,it starts to involve the concept of "basic living needs"from a physiological perspective. The double movements affect both the approach and indicators of relative poverty theory and define relative poverty in two different ways,i. e.,low-line relative poverty and high-line relative poverty. There has been local experiences of relative poverty governance in certain areas of China. However,lacking a social perspective,absolute poverty governance still dominates. To establish a long-term systematic mechanism for relative poverty governance in China,we need to take into account the dimension of relative poverty and relevant social policies.