基于运动承诺视角的长沙市大学生体育锻炼行为影响因素研究

Influencing factors of undergraduates'exercise behavior in Changsha based on sport commitment theory

以运动承诺理论为基础,采用问卷调查与访谈等研究方法,探讨个人因素、校园环境、社会支持如何通过锻炼承诺来影响长沙市大学生体育锻炼行为。结果显示:1)个人因素、校园环境、社会支持对长沙市大学生锻炼承诺水平、体育锻炼行为均存在显著性影响;锻炼承诺各维度对长沙市大学生体育锻炼行为均存在显著性影响。2)个人因素、校园环境和社会支持变量之间不存在共线性问题,锻炼承诺及各维度之间存在可接受的共线性问题。个人因素、校园环境、社会支持与体育锻炼行为各指标间线性关系显著,对锻炼时间和锻炼坚持性的解释程度最高;锻炼承诺各维度与体育锻炼行为各指标之间线性关系显著,对锻炼坚持性的解释程度最高;添加了锻炼承诺变量后,4个变量对体育锻炼行为各指标的总变异可有效解释的比例得到了大幅度提升。由此可知,个人因素、校园环境、社会支持既直接影响、又通过锻炼承诺间接影响大学生体育锻炼行为;这4个变量的整体影响效应大幅度提升了对大学生体育锻炼行为的解释或预测作用。

This paper discusses how personal factors,campus environment and social support influence undergraduates'exercise behavior in Changsha through sport commitment with the methods of questionnaire and interview based on sport commitment theory.Results showed:1)Personal factors,campus environment and social support have significant effects on the level of exercise commitment and exercise behavior of undergraduates in Changsha;each dimension of exercise commitment had significant influence on undergraduates'exercise behavior in Changsha.2)There is no collinearity among personal factors,campus environment and social support variables,and the collinearity between exercise commitment and its dimensions are acceptable.The linear relationship among personal factors,campus environment,social support and exercise behavior is significant and the explanation degree of exercise time and exercise persistence is the highest;the linear relationship between the dimensions of exercise commitment and the indicators of exercise behavior is significant,and the explanation degree of exercise persistence is the highest;with the addition of exercise commitment,there is a significant linear relationship between the four variables and each index of exercise behavior.The proportion of effective explanation of the total variation of each index of exercise behavior has been greatly increased.From the above we can see that personal factors,campus environment and social support not only directly affect,but also indirectly affect undergraduates'exercise behavior in Changsha;the overall effect of these four variables has greatly enhanced the explanatory or predictive role of undergraduates'exercise behavior.