高校体育教练员工作疏离感研究

Research on alienation of college sports coaches

目的:通过对高校教练员工作疏离感分析,探究“体教结合”的体育竞技人才培养模式下教练员的职业心理和组织管理问题。方法:选取112所高校437名教练员为研究对象,通过文献研究、量表和问卷调查、数理统计分析高校教练员工作疏离感特征,以及体育教学活动的影响。结果表明:教练员的工作疏离感处于中等水平,其中自我疏离感的工作无意义和工作环境疏离感的领导职能表现较高;回归分析体育教练员工作疏离感在人口学变量上存在差异;体育教练员工作特征对工作疏离感有显著影响;体育教练员工作压力对工作疏离感有显著影响;工作疏离感来源于组织管理的内部。建议:降低工作疏离感需要在管理方式和领导行为上进行改革;提倡竞争和考核,优化教练员聘任制度和职称改革,以适度的压力来激发教练员的工作热情。

Objective:To explore the professional psychology and organization management of coaches in colleges and universities under the training mode of"combination of sports and education"by analyzing their sense of alienation at work.Methods:This paper selected 437 coaches from 112 universities as the research objects,and analyzed the alienation characteristics of the coaches as well as the influence of physical education activities through literature research,scale and questionnaire survey,and mathematical statistics.The results show that the coach's sense of alienation at work is at a medium level,among which the self-alienation that work is meaningless and that environment alienation of leadership function are prominent.Regression analysis shows that there are differences in demographic variables.The work characteristics have significant influence on the sense of alienation,and so does the work pressure.The alienation comes within the organization's management.Suggestions:To reduce the sense of alienation at work,reform should be carried out in management style and leadership behavior;Competition and assessment should be advocated,the coach employment system and professional title reform should be optimized,and appropriate pressure should be exerted to stimulate the coach's work enthusiasm.