改炼西哈混合原油对PK炼油厂的影响分析

Influence of Processing West Kazakh Mixed Crude Oil on PK Refinery

随着哈萨克斯坦库姆科尔原油减产,PK炼油厂将改炼西哈混合原油,由于混合原油偏重,对PK炼油厂现有各装置的加工负荷、产品分布、全厂平衡等带来了一系列影响。西哈混合原油由于其石脑油馏分少,影响了催化重整装置进料,进而影响到全厂氢气平衡。西哈混合原油重质馏分更多,金属含量高,为适应新原油,炼油厂需调整全厂加工方案,增开减压蒸馏装置以改善催化裂化装置原料。催化装置掺炼减压蜡油后,催化原料性质得到了明显改善,控制混合原料的金属含量与残炭值与当前的催化原料性质基本相当,以增加催化装置的轻油收率。变更原油后,炼油厂的汽油和喷射燃料产品数量减少,柴油和燃料油产品数量增多。由于西哈混合原油酸含量增大,需开展腐蚀监测工作,并在减压塔顶采用注入中和剂、缓蚀剂和水等进行工艺防腐。此外,炼油厂现有的减压蒸馏、柴油加氢装置需要进行相应的改造以提高全厂加工西哈混合原油的适应性。

With the reduction of Kumkol crude oil in Kazakhstan, the PKOP Shymkent refinery in Kazakhstan will be converted to process West Kazakh mixed crude oil.Due to the high density of the new mixed crude oil,the processing load and product distribution of the existing units of the refinery will be changed,and a series of effects will be brought on refinery-wide balances.West Kazakh mixed crude oil,because of its low naphtha fraction,affects the feedstock to the catalytic reforming unit,which in turn affects the refinery-wide hydrogen balance.West Kazakh mixed crude oil has more heavy fractions with high metal contents.In order to adapt to the new crude oil,the refinery needs to adjust the processing plan of the whole refinery and restart the vacuum distillation unit to improve the feed to the RFCC unit.After vacuum gasoil is sent to the RFCC unit,the properties of the feed to RFCC unit can be significantly improved.The metal content and residual carbon of the mixed feed are controlled to be basically equivalent to those of the current feed to RFCC unit,so as to increase the light oil yield of the RFCC unit.After the crude oil is changed,the quantities of gasoline and jet fuel products in the refinery decrease,and the quantities of diesel and fuel oil products increase.Due to the increase in the acid content of the West Kazakh mixed crude oil,it is necessary to carry out corrosion monitoring and to inject neutralizers,corrosion inhibitors and water into the top of the vacuum distillation tower for process corrosion protection.In addition,the existing vacuum distillation unit and diesel hydrotreating unit in the refinery need to be correspondingly revamped to improve the adaptability of the whole refinery to process West Kazakh mixed crude oil.