新型农村集体经济复兴与乡土社会重建——学术回应与研究反思

The Revival of New Rural Collective Economy and the Reconstruction of Rural Society:Academic Responses and Research Reflections

中国乡村正面临着经济发展和乡土社会重建的双重困境,乡村振兴战略提出了围绕新型农村集体经济发展促进中国乡村全面复兴的问题解决路径。通过回顾新型农村集体经济的已有研究成果,本文发现在有关新型农村集体经济的内涵界定和有效实现形式的探索中过度关注了经济目标,忽视了社会目标,新型农村集体经济发展过程中"社会"的严重缺席,导致了新型农村集体经济发展面临困境。新型农村集体经济发展和乡土社会重建呈现了一种共时性关系,在对新型农村集体经济的内涵界定和有效实现形式的探索中应纳入乡土社会重建的目标。从理论上来看,发展新型农村集体经济促进中国乡土社会重建要处理的是经济系统与社会系统之间的关系,而两者呈现的共时性关系可以用"社会经济"这个概念来解释,其理论追求是将经济发展重新嵌入到社会中思考。因此,围绕着"社会经济"展开探索,将成为未来中国乡村研究的一个知识增长点。

China's rural areas are facing the dual challenges of promoting the economy and reconstructing rural society.The rural revitalization strategy proposes a path to a full revival of the Chinese rural areas through developing the new rural collective economy.By reviewing the research on the new rural collective economy,this article finds that scholars have paid too much attention to economic goals instead of social goals while discussing the definition and effective implementation of the new rural collective economy.This absence of“social goals” or“society”has led to difficulties in the new rural collective economy.The development of the new rural collective economy and the reconstruction of the rural society form a synchronic relationship.The reconstruction of rural society should be included in studying the new rural collective economy and its practical paths.From a theoretical point of view,developing a new rural collective economy and the reconstruction of China^s rural society needs a balance between the economic system and the social system.The synchronic relationship between the two can be termed as"social economy."The theoretical pursuit is to contextualize economic development within the social environment.Therefore,exploring the"social economy"will become a knowledge growth point for future rural sociology.