汽车用6060铝合金吸能盒的压溃性能试验研究

Experimental study on crushing performance of 6060 aluminum alloy energy absorption box for automobile

作为汽车防撞梁的关键部件6060铝合金吸能盒,它的压溃性能是衡量防撞梁安全性的重要指标。吸能盒是用挤压型材制造的,试验研究了6060铝合金的熔铸、铸锭均匀化、挤压及热处理工艺对吸能盒型材力学性能和压溃性能的影响。研究结果表明:铸锭均匀化温度565℃-575℃、保温时间5 h.冷却方式水冷,可以使铸锭获得细小均匀的组织,其晶界和晶粒内部析出相也较少;挤压工艺参数为坯锭温度510℃±5℃、出口冷却方式为风冷;型材进行175℃、8h时效处理,可以获得满足客户要求的力学性能,且压溃性能也最好。

6060 aluminum alloy energy absorbing box is the key component of automobile anti-collision beam.Its crushing performance is an important index to measure the safety of the anti-collision beam.The energy absorbing box is made of extruded profiles.The effects of melting and casting,ingot homogenization,extrusion and heat treatment on mechanical properties and crushing properties of 6060 aluminum alloy profiles were studied in the experiment.The results show that when the homogenization temperature of ingot is 565℃-575℃,the holding time is 5 h,and the cooling method is water cooling,the ingot can obtain fine and uniform microstructure,and the precipitates at the grain boundaries and in the grains are fewer.When ingot temperature is 510℃±5℃,outlet cooling mode is air cooling,the profile is aged at 175℃ for 8 h,the mechanical properties meeting customer requirements can be obtained and the crushing performance is the best.