女性作者身份焦虑与修正策略——以西尔维娅·普拉斯为例

The Anxiety of Authorship and the Correction Strategy in the Case of Sylvia Plath

"作者身份焦虑"是用于研究女性作家创作心理的重要理论概念。它表现为女性作家身处男性中心主义社会中,缺乏作者身份的主体性,担心自己无法创造,无法成为文学史中的强者。本文以西尔维娅·普拉斯为例,探讨文学创作中"作者身份焦虑"问题。普拉斯的自恋心理源自她的"作者身份焦虑",她采用了"疯女人"的修正策略来纾解"作者身份焦虑"。她隐匿于"疯女人"神秘面纱之下,遮蔽自己的真实性别面目,用迷狂式的书写方式,通过对阳具"菲勒斯"的想象,体验男性的生活境遇,反抗菲勒斯中心的传统文化,展示诗性正义。

The anxiety of authorship is a significant critical conception.Specifically,it means that female writers,who live in a patriarchal society and lack subjectivity of authorship,worry that they are unable to create works,and their writings could not be admitted into the literary canon.This article singles out Sylvia Plath as an example to explore the problematics of the anxiety of authorship.For Plath,her narcissism should be seen as the chief cause for her anxiety of authorship.In order to relieve her anxiety of authorship,Sylvia Plath adopts the correction writing strategy in the name of"madwoman."She hides under the mysterious veil of"madwoman,"concealing her real gender and experiencing a life of man’s situation through an imagination of phallus in a crazy manner,by which she manages to resist the traditional phallus-centred culture,and advocates a claim of poetic justice.