不同因素对林下参保存率的影响

The Influence of Different Factors on the Preservation Rate of Ginseng Growing in Forest

本研究在靖宇县选取林下参的样地共6块,分别在各样地内采集土壤样本,对其pH、全氮、全磷和全钾含量进行测定,应用通径分析方法计算各因素对林下参保存率的影响。结果表明:在不同林分类型下,林下参平均保存率大小顺序为樟子松林(52.53%)>落叶松林(46.07%)>杂木林(15.38%);在同一林型下,随着林下参种植年龄的增大林下参保存率逐渐降低。在一定区间范围内,土层深度和腐殖层深度对林下参保存率无明显影响,土壤pH、全氮含量、全磷含量和全钾含量的增加均会提高林下参的保存率。结合直接和间接通径分析,发现影响林下参保存率最主要的因素是全磷含量,其次是土壤pH、全氮含量和全钾含量,其通经系数分布为1.553、1.211、1.184和0.304。因此,为提高林下参的保存率,初步建议在樟子松林下种植人参,土壤pH保持在5.39左右,适当增加土壤氮、磷含量。

In this study,six plots of ginseng growing in forest were selected in Jingyu county,and collecting soil samples in each plot to determine their pH,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content,using path analysis to calculate the influence of various factors on the preservation rate of ginseng growing in forest.The results showed that under different forest types,the order of the average preservation rate of ginseng growing in forest was Pinus sylvestris forest(52.53%)>Larix gmelinii forest(46.07%)>miscellaneous forest(15.38%).In the same forest type,with the increase of planting age,the preservation rate of ginseng growing in forest gradually decreased.Within a certain range,the depth of the soil layer and the depth of the humus layer had no significant effect on the preservation rate of ginseng growing in forest,the increase of soil pH,total nitrogen content,total phosphorus content and total potassium content would increase the preservation rate of ginseng growing in forest.Combining direct and indirect path analysis,it was found that the most important factor affecting the preservation rate of ginseng growing in forest was total phosphorus content,followed by soil pH,total nitrogen content and total potassium content,its path coefficient were 1.553,1.211,1.184 and 0.304.Therefore,in order to improve the preservation rate of ginseng growing in forest,it was initially suggested to plant ginseng in the Pinus sylvestris forest,the soil pH should be maintained at about 5.39,and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus should be increased with appropriate cooperation.