丝状真菌全局转录调控因子研究现状及发展

Research Status and Development of Global Transcriptional Regulators in Filamentous Fungi

丝状真菌的次级代谢产生的有益或有害于人类的代谢产物,已成为生物医药和食品发酵领域的研究热点。丝状真菌的次级代谢是一个复杂的、多层次的调控过程,其中全局性转录调控因子发挥着至关重要的作用。当面临不同环境胁迫情况时,丝状真菌通过启动全局性转录调控因子对菌体生长、繁殖及相关主代谢途径和次级代谢进行适应性转录调控,从而影响不同的次级代谢产物合成和分泌。针对已发现的丝状真菌不同类型全局性转录调控因子及其在提高菌体耐受性、调控菌体生长形态及次级代谢产物合成的研究现状展开论述,为丝状真菌在发酵生产过程中提高菌株耐受性和增加目的代谢产物等方面提供研究思路。

The beneficial or harmful metabolites of secondary metabolism from filamentous fungi have become a hot spot in the field of biological medicine and food fermentation.The secondary metabolism process of filamentous fungi is a complicated and multi-level regulation,in which global transcriptional regulators play a vital role.Especially while filamentous fungi facing different environmental stresses,they will initiate the adaptive transcriptional regulation of the global regulatory factors on the growth and reproduction of organism,as well as the related major metabolic pathways and secondary metabolism,significantly affecting the synthesis and secretion of different secondary metabolites.This paper discussed the different global regulational transcription factors from filamentous fungi,and their effects on improving cultures tolerance and regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites,aiming to provide research ideas for improving tolerance,mycelial morphology and increasing target metabolites in the fermentation process of filamentous fungi.