培养条件对草莓花粉萌发的影响

Effect of Culture Conditions on Pollen Germination of Strawberry

以草莓4个品种花粉为试材,研究不同浓度的硼酸、蔗糖以及培养时间、培养温度对其花粉生活力的影响,通过花粉离体萌发法,以筛选花粉萌发最适的固体培养基,并在最优培养基上进一步筛选适合花粉萌发的时间和温度。结果表明,在0.10%硼酸+15%蔗糖+4 g/L琼脂培养基下,4个草莓品种花粉萌发率均达到最高;其中,香野花粉萌发率最高,为87.55%,红颜花粉萌发率最低,为72.38%;温度为25℃、处理8 h时,4个品种花粉发芽率达到最大。花粉离体萌发法结果准确、花粉粒萌发清晰,是目前最适合测定花粉生活力的一种方法;不同草莓品种其花粉生活力各不相同,选择花粉活力高的品种进行授粉,对草莓杂交育种有着重要意义。

The pollens of 4 strawberry varieties were used in this test,the effects of different concentrations of boric acid,sucrose,culture time and culture temperature on pollen viability were studied.In vitro germination method was used to screen the most suitable solid medium for pollen germination,the time and temperature suitable for pollen germination were further screend on the optimal culture medium.The results showed that under 0.10%boric acid+15%sucrose+4 g/L agar culture medium,the pllen germinatin rate of 4 strawberry varieties was the highest.Among them,the germination rate of Xiangye pollen was 87.55%,the pollen germination rate of Hongyan was the lowest(72.38%).The pollen germination rate of 4 varieties reached the maximum under the temperature of 25℃and the treatment of 8 h.As the results of in vitro germination method are accurated and clear,so it is the most suitable method for determination of pollen viability.The pollen viabilities of different strawberry cultivars are different,it is very important to select pollination cultivars with high pollen activity for strawberry cross breeding.