地基大口径拼接镜面主动控制技术综述

Review of the active control technology of large aperture ground telescopes with segmented mirrors

拼接镜面技术是光学合成孔径望远镜的三种实现方式之一,是未来大口径望远镜的重要研究方向。由于拼接镜面主动控制系统直接影响拼接镜面等效大口径镜面的光学性能,本文着眼于地基大口径望远镜的拼接镜面主动控制技术,由地基拼接镜面望远镜的发展过程展开,阐述拼接镜面主动控制系统的主要结构,对国内外拼接镜面主动控制系统发展概况进行分析和总结。归纳了拼接镜面主动控制系统实现主动调整和主动保持的关键技术,明确了深度学习理论在闭环控制,共相检测与校正和系统级仿真建模技术中的逐步应用和未来发展方向,为国内下一代地基大口径望远镜拼接镜面的控制方案设计提供相应的指导。

Segmented mirror technology is one of the three ways to realize optical synthetic aperture telescope,and it is an important area of development for future large aperture telescopes.A telescope’s active control system of its segmented mirrors directly determines its large aperture mirror’s optical performance.This paper focuses on the active control technology of large aperture ground telescopes with segmented mirrors.In this paper,we introduce the development process of a segmented mirror telescope and the main structure of the segmented mirror active control system,then summarize and analyze the domestic and foreign development of active control systems of segmented mirrors.In this paper,the key technologies of segmented mirror active control systems and how they achieve active adjustment and active maintenance are summarized.Their applications and the direction of their development are also proposed with respect to deep learning theory in closed-loop control,co-phase detection and correction,system-level simulation modeling technology.This paper provides guidance for the design of a segmented mirror control system in the next generation of ground-based large aperture telescopes in China.