“新冠肺炎”疫情下的中国经济:影响分析及政策建议

China's Economy under COVID-19:Impact Analysis and Policy Suggestions

“新冠肺炎”疫情自爆发以来,对我国经济运行和人民生活产生了巨大影响。从微观视角上看,消费者需求受到抑制,生产者供给受到限制,市场机制受到干扰;从宏观视角看,总需求尤其是消费需求大幅下滑,总供给尤其是第三产业受到较大冲击,物价和就业方面承受较大压力。由于我国当前经济结构、国内外环境发生巨大变化,因此,相比“非典”疫情,此次疫情对国民经济的影响更为强烈。建议在短期内,保障中小微企业持续经营,进行逆周期需求管理,提振经济增长速度;在长期发展中,优化信息处理水平,提高公共物品供给质量,完善市场机制和治理体系,加大体制机制改革力度。

The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has had a great impact on China's economic operation and people's lives.From a micro perspective,consumer demand is suppressed,producer supply is restricted,and market mechanism is disturbed.From a macro perspective,aggregate demand,especially consumer demand,has fallen sharply,aggregate supply,especially the tertiary industry,has been greatly impacted,prices and employment have been under great pressure.Due to the tremendous changes in China's current economic structure and the environment at home and abroad,the impact of this epidemic on the national economy will be stronger than that of SARS.In this regard,the following suggestions are put forward:in the short term,we should ensure the operation of small and medium-sized enterprises,and carry out counter-cyclical demand management,so as to boost the rate of economic growth;in the long run,we should optimize the level of information processing,Improve the quality of public goods supply,improve the market mechanism and governance system,and strengthen the reform of institutional mechanisms.