明末清初滇云遗民逃禅考述

Study of Yunnan s Adherents Fleeing Buddhism in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasty

就清初遗民群体地域而言,西南、岭南是除江南之外,遗民数量、集中程度仅位居其次的两个区域。与其他地域相较,西南、岭南两地遗民逃禅风气更浓。滇黔地区的逃禅群体是一个规模庞大、结构复杂的社会阶层。仅就滇地而言,士大夫出家为僧有名有姓者多达50余人,其中著名者有担当普荷、钱邦芑、陈起相等。逃禅对遗民群体的生活、心理状态、思想观念、文学创作都产生了重要影响。

As far as the number of adherents in the early Qing dynasty is concerned,Southwest China and Lingnan are the two regions which have the second largest number and concentration of survivors,except for Jiangnan.Compared with other regions,southwestern and southern Lingnan have a stronger tendency for the relics to flee from Buddhism.The group that fled from Buddhism in Yunnan and Guizhou area is a large and complex social stratum.In Yunnan alone,there were as many as fifty people who became monks,among whom the famous ones are Pu He,Qian Bangyi,Chen Qixiang,Gao Taizhai,Wen Zuyao,Yang Yongyan,Lei Yuelong,Hu Yiqing,Zeng Gaojie,Deng Kai,Liu Congjie,and Li Zhanchun.Fleeing to Buddhism has had an important influence on the life,psychological state,ideology and literary creation of the survivors groups.The background of the phenomenon of fleeing to Buddhism and the composition of the group of fleeing to Buddhism are discused in the paper 。