基于危机应对的我国跨国粮食供应链优化研究

Research on the Optimization of China's Transnational Food Supply Chain based on Crisis Response

逆全球化的思潮、新冠肺炎的持续蔓延加剧了全球的粮食供应链危机。中国作为粮食进口第一大国,在进口来源国比较集中的背景下,自然灾害、突发事件、逆全球化思潮和供应商的违约是导致跨国粮食供应链中断的主要诱因。中国跨国粮食供应链脆弱性主要表现在:跨国粮食供应链的整合能力不强,基础设施还不够完备,跨国运输方式比较单一,进口粮源的来源国比较集中。优化中国跨国粮食供应链的主要路径是:基于“一带一路”推进粮食进口多元化,完善跨国粮食物流基础设施建设,建立跨国粮食供应链预警机制,培育具有核心竞争力的跨国粮商,为有效应对危机、确保“适度进口”提供跨国物流保障。

The trend of anti-globalization and the continuous spread of new crown pneumonia have aggravated the global food supply chain crisis.As the largest food importer,in the context of a relatively concentrated source of imports,natural disas⁃ters,emergencies,anti-globalization trends and supplier defaults are the main incentives leading to the interruption of the trans⁃national food supply chain.The fragility of China's transnational food supply chain is mainly manifested in:the integration capac⁃ity of the transnational food supply chain is not strong,the infrastructure is not complete,the transnational transportation mode is relatively simple,and the source of imported food is relatively concentrated.The main path for optimizing China’s transnational grain supply chain is to promote the diversification of food imports based on the“Belt and Road”initiative,improve the construc⁃tion of transnational grain logistics infrastructure,establish a transnational grain supply chain early warning mechanism,culti⁃vate transnational grain merchants with core competitiveness,and provide transnational logistics guarantee to effectively respond to the crisis and ensure“appropriate import”.