6种新烟碱类杀虫剂对桃蚜的毒力测定及田间药效评价

Toxicity testing and field efficacy evaluation of six neonicotinoid insecticides against Myzus persicae

为研究新烟碱类杀虫剂对桃蚜的室内毒力及田间防治效果,采用药膜法测定6种新烟碱类杀虫剂对桃蚜的室内毒力,通过田间小区试验评价6种杀虫剂的田间防治效果。结果表明,48%噻虫胺悬浮剂、5%吡虫啉乳油、10%啶虫脒微乳剂、25%噻虫嗪水分散、40%噻虫啉悬浮剂、10%烯啶虫胺水剂对桃蚜的半致死用量(LR50)有效成分分别为2.552、1.342、5.188、1.832、1.527、11.542 g·hm-1;6种杀虫剂药后1、3、7、14 d对桃蚜种群的防治效果存在显著差异。5%吡虫啉乳油是防除桃蚜最有效的杀虫剂,施药14 d后防效达到了最高的98.50%,10%烯啶虫胺水剂对桃蚜的药效显著低于其他5种药剂。40%噻虫啉悬浮剂对桃蚜的速效性最好,施药1 d后防治效果达到93.64%;25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂和10%啶虫脒微乳剂施药14 d后防效逐渐减弱。综合分析室内毒力测定与田间药效试验结果,5%吡虫啉乳油为防治桃蚜较有效的新烟碱类杀虫剂。

To effectively and continuously control Myzus persicae,we performed toxicity testing and field efficacy evaluation of six neonicotinoid insecticides against this pest. The toxicity of the neonicotinoid insecticides to M. persicae was determined using the drug film method,and the field efficacy evaluation was conducted by field plot test. The results showed that the active ingredients of median lethal rate( LR50) of 48% thiamethoxam suspension concentrate( SC),5% imidacloprid emulsifiable concentrate( EC),10% acetamiprid micro-emulsion( ME),25%thiamethoxam water dispersible granule,40% thiacloprid SC,and 10% nitenpyram aqueous solution on M. persicae was 2.552,1.342,5.188,1.832,1.527,and 11.542 g·hm-1,respectively. The control effects of the six insecticides on the M. persicae population were significantly different at 1,3,7,and 14 days after treatment,with 5%imidacloprid EC being the most effective. For this insecticide,the control effect reached 98. 50% after 14 days of application. The efficacy of 10% nitenpyram AS was significantly lower than the other five insecticides. The results showed that 40% thiacloprid SC had the quickest effect on M. persicae,reaching 93.64% in 1 day,while the control effects of 25% thiamethoxam WG and 10% acetamiprid ME gradually weakened after 14 days of application. The toxicity and field efficacy tests showed that 5% imidacloprid EC was the effective neonicotinoid insecticide against M. persicae.