广州市番禺区学龄期儿童矮小症发生情况分析

Analysis of the Causes of Short Stature in School-age Children in Panyu District,Guangzhou

【目的】分析广州市番禺区学龄期儿童矮小症的发生情况。【方法】收集2018年7月1日至2020年7月1日广州市番禺区何贤纪念医院儿童内分泌科门诊及住院收治的150例学龄期(6〜14岁)的矮小症患儿的临床资料,回顾性分析该地区学龄期矮小症患儿的病因总体情况、不同性别患儿和不同年龄阶段患儿的病因分布情况。【结果】广州市番禺区学龄期矮小症患儿的病因中以特发性矮小症占比最高(55.33%),其次是生长激素缺乏症(30.67%),其他为家族性矮小症(4.00%)、垂体肿瘤(1.33%)、垂体发育不良(3.33%)、软骨发育不全(0.67%)、Turner综合征(1.33%)、小于胎龄儿(2.67%)、慢性肾小管性酸中毒(0.67%)。矮小症患儿中以男性患儿较为多见(69.33%),女性患儿则较为少见(30.67%),特发性矮小症和生长激素缺乏症均以男性患儿多见(分别占36.67%、24.67%)。8〜12岁患儿占比最高(59.33%),6〜8岁、12〜14岁患儿次之(分别占23.33%.17.33%),特发性矮小症和生长激素缺乏症也主要是8〜12岁儿童(分别占32.67%.22.67%),而6〜8岁和12〜14岁患儿次之(分别占16.00%、5.33%和6.67%、4.67%)。【结论】广州市番禺区学龄期矮小症患儿的病因有多种,以特发性矮小症、生长激素缺乏症为主,还包含家族性矮小症、垂体发育不良、小于胎龄儿等,需充分重视。

【Objective】To evaluate the detailed etiology of school-age children with short stature in Panyu District,Guangzhou.【Methods】The clinical data of 150 schoolage(6-14-year-old)children with short stature were collected by mobile phone from July 1,2018 to July 1,2020 in the Pediatric Endocrinology Department of He Xian Memorial Hospital,Panyu District,Guangzhou city.The etiological factors of schoolage children with short stature in this area were analyzed retrospectively,and the etiological distribution of children with different gender and age were analyzed retrospectively.【Results】In Panyu District of Guangzhou,idiopathic dwarfism accounted for the highest proportion(55.33%),followed by growth hormone deficiency(30.67%),followed by familial dwarfism(4.00%),pituitary tumor(1.33%)>hypophyseal dysplasia(3.33%),achondroplasia(0.67%),Turner syndrome(1.33%),small for gestational age(2.67%),and chronic renal insufficiency Tubular acidosis(0.67%).In children with short stature,male children were more common(69.33%),girls were less common(30.67%),idiopathic short stature and growth hormone deficiency were more common in male children(36.67%and 24.67%,respectively).Children aged 8-12 accounted for 59.33%,followed by children aged 6-8 and 12-14(23.33%and 17.33%,respectively).Idiopathic short stature and growth hormone deficiency were mainly 8-12-year-old children(32.67%and 22.67%,respectively),while children aged 6-8 and 12-14 years accounted for 16.00%,5.33%and 6.67%and 4.67%respectively.【Conclusion】There are many causes of schoolage short stature in Panyu District of Guangzhou city.Idiopathic short stature and growth hormone deficiency are the main causes.Familial dwarfism,hypophysis hypoplasia and small for gestational age infants are also included.