能力本位的STEM课程设计——联合国教科文组织国际教育局STEM能力框架及启示

Competency-based STEM Curriculum Design---STEM Competences Framework of UNESCO IBE and Its Inspiration

厘清STEM能力结构是设计STEM课程体系的关键。2019年联合国教科文组织国际教育局(IBEUNESCO)发布第30号报告《探索21世纪STEM能力》,从知识、技能、态度与价值观三个维度分析了STEM能力框架,明确了STEM课程所要教授的基本元素。该文梳理了IBE-UNESCO STEM能力框架,探究能力为本的STEM课程整合的方法。提出了以大概念架构能力要素,设计STEM课程体系;面向职业应用,设计经典STEM课程;以项目/任务/问题为载体,设计STEM活动;与家庭、社会共享资源合力,打造STEM学习环境等策略,以期为改进我国STEM课程设计提供参考。

Clarifying the STEM competence structure is the key to designing the STEM curriculum system.In 2019,the UNESCO International Bureau of Education(IBE-UNESCO)released its 30th report Exploring STEM Competences for the 21st Century,which analyzed the STEM competence framework from three dimensions of knowledge,skills,attitudes and values,and defined the basic elements to be taught in STEM curriculum.This paper summarizes the IBE-UNESCO STEM competence framework,and explores the method of competency-based STEM curriculum integration.In order to provide reference for improving STEM curriculum design in China,this paper puts forward the following strategies,such as building STEM curriculum framework by big idea,designing classical STEM curriculum to meet the needs of vocational applications,designing STEM activities with project/task/problem as carriers and creating a STEM learning environment by sharing resources with families and societies.