前庭性偏头痛患者临床特点分析

Clinical characteristics of patients with vestibular migraine

目的分析前庭性偏头痛(vestibular migraine,VM)患者的临床特点。方法选取2018年1月至2019年10月首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院诊断的114例VM患者,收集临床资料,回顾性分析VM患者的临床特点。结果114例患者的平均年龄为47.2岁,男女比为1∶5,头痛的发病年龄早于眩晕,前庭症状的持续时间从数十秒至数天不等。最常见的伴随症状为恶心呕吐,此外患者常主诉睡眠障碍。VM患者眩晕和头痛的首次发作年龄具有明显相关性(r=0.411,P<0.000)。既往晕动病的患者眩晕首次发作年龄较其余患者低,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.156)。具有偏头痛家族史的患者首次发作眩晕、头痛的年龄较其余患者低,差异无统计学意义(P=0.449,P=0.902)。结论VM的临床表现多样,详细的病史记录对评估VM相关症状及防止误诊有重要意义;需注意对患者睡眠质量、家族史及既往史的询问。

Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with vestibular migraine(VM).Methods The clinical data of 114 patients with VM diagnosed in Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,were collected from January 2018 to October 2019.The clinical features of VM patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results The average age of114 patients was 47.2 years old,and the ratio of male to female was 1∶5.The age of onset of headache was earlier than dizziness,and the duration of vestibular symptoms ranged from tens of seconds to several days.The most common accompanied symptom was nausea and vomiting,and the complains of the patients were sleep disorders.There was a significant correlation between the first episode age of vertigo and headache in VM patients(P<0.000).The first episode age of vertigo in the patients with motion sickness was lower than other patients,but there was no significant difference(P=0.156).The first episode age of vertigo(P=0.449)and migraine(P=0.902)in the patients with a family history of migraine were lower than the other patients,and there was no significant difference.Conclusions The clinical manifestations of VM are diverse.Detailed medical history records are important for assessing VM-related symptoms and preventing misdiagnosis.Attention should be paid for the patients’sleep quality,family history and past history.