空军飞行员半月板损伤的致伤因素与手术方法及术后停飞相关性的研究

Correlation between injury factors,surgical methods and postoperative disqualification for flight due to meniscus injury in Air Force pilots

目的明确飞行员半月板损伤术后影响停飞及恢复飞行的因素。方法对我军57例行半月板损伤手术的飞行员的致伤因素、手术情况及术后恢复飞行及停飞情况进行统计分析。结果导致飞行员半月板损伤的主要致伤因素是篮球运动,占所有损伤因素的50.9%(29人)。术中半月板能否缝合以及是否合并前交叉韧带断裂与是否吸烟、年龄、体质量指数、受伤后到手术的时间以及飞行时间差异无统计学意义。合并软骨损伤的飞行员相对年长(P<0.01),受伤后到手术的时间更长(P<0.01)。体质量指数对是否合并Ⅱ度以上软骨损伤差异无统计学意义。停飞飞行员年龄偏大(P<0.05),伤后到手术之间的时间较长(P<0.05),与恢复飞行的飞行员比较差异有统计学意义。结论飞行员半月板损伤后,没有足够的重视,延误诊治,导致关节合并软骨损伤、髁间窝狭窄等骨性关节炎的表现是其手术后停飞的主要原因,而手术中是否行半月板缝合或切除、是否同期行前交叉韧带重建,并不影响术后恢复飞行。

Objective To identify the factors that lead to disqualification for f light or resumption of f light after meniscus injury of pilots.Methods Statistical analysis was performed on the injury factors,surgical outcomes and postoperative resumption of f light or disqualification for f light of 57 Air Force pilots who had undergone meniscus surgery in our hospital.Results The main cause of injury to pilots'meniscus was basketball-playing,which accounted for 50.9%(29 cases)of all cases of injuries.Whether the meniscus could be sutured and whether it was complicated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture were not significantly correlated with smoking,age,body mass index(BMI),time from injury to surgery or years of experience.Pilots with cartilage damage were relatively older(P<0.01)and the time from injury to surgery was longer(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant correlation between BMI and cartilage injury above GradeⅡ.The disqualified pilots were older(P<0.05)and the time from injury to surgery was longer(P<0.05),which was statistically different from that of pilots who resumed flight.Conclusion After meniscus injuries,pilots do not pay enough attention and delay diagnosis and treatment,thus leading to such manifestations of osteoarthritis as joint cartilage damage and intersacral fossa stenosis.Whether meniscus suture or resection is performed during surgery,and whether anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is performed at the same time will make no difference to postoperative resumption of flight.