历史唯物主义的未来性向度

The Futuristic Dimension of Historical Materialism

历史唯物主义创立之前,未来性曾遭遇历史冻结和直观消解的哲学命运,马克思和恩格斯所创立的历史唯物主义开辟了一条新的拯救未来性之路。第一次把作为自为性、目的性和超越性存在的人及其未来发展置于历史唯物主义视域中予以哲学观照,把人类历史生成着的超越意识、自由意识和希望意识纳入现实活动中作出实践理解,从而开启了未来性问题研究的新路径并开创了新的理论局面。可以说,未来性问题是历史唯物主义理论的一个必然的思想延伸和逻辑展开。未来性集中表达了历史唯物主义本体求索的意向、实践批判的精神和终极关怀的情结,对此进行深入研究不仅能够彰显未来性在历史唯物主义中的重要地位,而且能够从未来性出发反观和审视历史性、现实性在历史唯物主义中的完整意义。

Before the establishment of historical materialism,futurity had met with a philosophical fate of historical frozenness and intuitive dissolution.The historical materialism created by Marx and Engels opened up a new means of redeeming futurity.For the first time,people and their future development as self-contained,purposeful,and transcendental existences emerged on the horizon of historical materialism for philosophical contemplation,as the consciousness of transcendence,freedom and hope generated by human history were incorporated into real activities with real understandings,thus opening up a new path and new theoretical horizon for the research of futurity.It could be said that the issue of futurity is an inevitable ideological extension and logical development of the theory of historical materialism.Futurity focuses on expressing the intention of the ontology of historical materialism,the spirit of practical criticism,and the complex of ultimate concern.In-depth research on this topic can not only highlight the important position of futurity in historical materialism,but also reconsider and scrutinize the complete significance of historicity and reality in historical materialism starting from futurity.