人感染H7N9型禽流感风险防控关键问题及应对措施研究

Study on Key Problems and Countermeasures of Prevention and Control of Human Infection with Avian Influenza A(H7N9)

目的:厘清我国人感染H7N9型禽流感风险防控关键问题,探究降低我国人感染H7N9型禽流感风险的对策。方法:于2018年6月,选取某直辖市人感染H7N9型禽流感防控的专业技术人员20名进行半结构式访谈,以现场录音和笔录的形式记录访谈资料,资料转成文本后基于ROST软件进行定量分析。结果:“法律法规相关问题”、“部门间合作问题”、“联防、联控机制、补偿机制”、“活禽市场相关问题”是人感染H7N9型禽流感风险防控的关键问题。“活禽市场的监管”、“公众的健康教育”、“推进人禽流感相关立法”、“抗人禽流感的药物的研发和储备”、“建立部门间联防联控机制”是人感染H7N9型禽流感风险防控的关键措施。结论:政府应加快我国人禽流感防控法律体系建设,有效监管活禽市场并做好相关人员健康教育,以降低人感染禽流感的风险。

Objective:To understand the key problems of prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9)in China,and to find ways to reduce the risk of human infection with avian influenza A in China.Methods:In June 2018,20 professional health technicians related to prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza A were selected to conduct semi-structured interviews in a municipality in southwest of China.The interview data were recorded in the form of on-the-spot recordings and written recordings,and the data were converted into text for quantitative analysis based on ROST software.Results:"Problems related to laws and regulations","inter-departmental cooperation","joint prevention and control mechanism,compensation mechanism"and"problems related to live poultry markets"were key problems in the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9)."Supervision of live poultry market","public health education","promotion of legislation related to human avian influenza","research and development and reserve of anti-human avian influenza drugs"and"establishment of interdepartmental joint prevention and control mechanism"were key measures to prevent and control the risk of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9).Conclusion:The government should speed up the establishment of the legal system for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9),effectively supervise the live poultry market and strengthen the health education of relevant personnel,so as to reduce the risk of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9).