特殊环境因素对舰艇人员心理健康的影响

Effects of Special Environmental Factors on the Mental Health of Warship Personnel

目的:了解特殊环境因素对舰艇人员心理健康的影响,为制定更有针对性的心理干预方案提供依据。方法:抽取在青岛市某疗养中心疗养的2136例特殊环境舰艇人员,采用心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)、心理他评量表和自行编制的疗养员社会适应度量表,应用空军军医大学心理系研制的DXC-6型群体多项心理测评仪对其进行心理测评。结果:与中国军人常模比较,特殊环境舰艇人员精神病性、敌对、焦虑、人际关系敏感、抑郁、偏执因子评分,及阳性项目数、因子总均分均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);其余因子评分无明显差异(P>0.05)。按照心理健康问题筛选标准,2136名舰艇人员中共筛检出阳性者491人(22.99%),主要体现为人际关系敏感、躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑等。与普通舰艇人员相比,执行重大任务后舰艇人员除偏执因子外,其他因子评分均明显升高,总分的变化趋势与之一致(P<0.01)。结论:特殊环境舰艇人员的总体心理健康水平较好,执行重大任务后的舰艇人员在躯体化、强迫、焦虑等方面发生一定变化,需结合具体情况制定更具针对性的心理干预方案。

Objective:Analying the psychological assessment results of warship personnel in our sanatorium,in order to provide the basis for developing more targeted psychological intervention programs.Methods:The Symptom Check List 90(SCL-90)and other two scales were adopted.Professional surveys and analyses were conducted with the DXC-6 machine of psychometrics developed by the Air Force Military Medical University in 2136 cases of warship personnel in Qingdao sanatorium.Results:The scores of interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,hostility,paranoia,psychiatric factors,and the total average score of factors,the number of positive items of the warship personnel were lower than the norm of Chinese military(P<0.05 or P<0.01).There was no significant difference in somatization,terror and coercion factors between the two groups(P>0.05).Based on standard of psychological health,22.99%of the warship personnel were regarded as positive and characterized by a main show of somatization,compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety and hostility.The scores of somatization,terror,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,hostility,coercion and psychiatric factors of the warship personnel after performing major tasks were higer than the general warship personnel,which were consistent with the trend of the total score(P<0.01).Conclusion:The overall mental health of the warship personnel was optimistic.But there were still certain changes about somatization,coercion and anxiety occurred on the warship personnel after performing major tasks.A more targeted psychological intervention program needs to be developed in accordance with specific circumstances.