基于烧蚀原理的激光抛光的数值建模与分析

Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Laser Polishing Based on Ablation Principle

采用连续激光对304不锈钢材料进行了基于烧蚀原理的激光抛光实验,得到了较好的抛光效果.耦合激光抛光中的传热和材料汽化,建立了一个二维瞬态数值模型,仿真了激光抛光中工件表面的演变,预测了激光抛光后工件的表面形貌和表面粗糙度值,仿真结果与实验结果十分接近,误差仅为8.17%.此外,利用该模型研究了激光抛光中工件表面移动速度的分布情况,确定了表面移动速度与初始表面形貌的关系:表面形貌波峰位置的表面移动速度较大,而波谷位置的表面移动速度较小,揭示了基于烧蚀原理的激光抛光降低工件表面粗糙度的机制.

A CW laser was used to perform laser polishing experiments on the 304 stainless steel based on the ablation principle,and a good polishing effect is obtained.A two-dimensional transient numerical model was developed by coupling the heat transfer and material vaporization in laser polishing.The evolution of the workpiece surface in laser polishing was simulated.The surface morphology and surface roughness of the workpiece after laser polishing were predicted.The simulation results are close to the experimental ones,and the error is only 8.17%.In addition,this paper studied the distribution of the surface moving velocity of the workpiece in laser polishing,and determined the relationship between the surface moving velocity and the initial surface morphology:the surface moving velocity at the peak position of the surface morphology is larger,while the surface moving velocity at the valley position is smaller,which reveals the mechanism of laser polishing based on ablation principle to reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece.