基于COMSOL有限元的舰船静电场近场数值仿真与实验验证

Near Field Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification of Submarine Static Electric Field Based on COMSOL Finite Element Method

由于传统电偶极子及直流电流源模型在对舰船静电场建模时忽略了船体自身电化学腐蚀及阴极保护装置的影响,从而造成静电场数值仿真误差较大.针对该建模方法存在的不足,采用了基于COMSOL有限元法对舰船静电场进行了建模.通过巴特-沃夫(Butler-Volmer)方程对船体-海水接触表面的界面电化学反应进行定义,应用COMSOL多物理场仿真计算得出了在海水中因电化学腐蚀所产生的船壳自腐蚀电位和静电场的分布,以及当存在外加电流阴极保护装置时对静电场分布的影响.仿真和实验结果表明:船体电化学腐蚀及阴极保护装置对静电场分布的影响很大,且随着外加电流的逐渐增大,静电场各分量峰峰值均有所增加,但不会呈线性变化.

Because the traditional electric dipole and DC current source model ignored the influence of electrochemical corrosion of hull and cathodic protection device when modeling ship electrostatic field,the numerical simulation error of electrostatic field was large.In view of the shortcomings of traditional modeling methods,the ship electrostatic field was modeled by finite element method based on COMSOL.The electrochemical reaction at the interface between hull and seawater contact surface was defined by Butler-Volmer equation.COMSOL multi-physical field simulation was used to calculate the distribution of self-corrosion potential and electrostatic field of hull caused by electrochemical corrosion in seawater,and the influence of impressed current cathodic protection device on electrostatic field distribution was further obtained.Simulation and experimental results show that electrochemical corrosion of hull and cathodic protection device have great influence on electrostatic field distribution,and with the increase of applied current.The peak-to-peak value of each component of electrostatic field increases,but it does not change linearly.