马克思早期对哲学变革的最初探索——以《关于伊壁鸠鲁哲学的笔记》为中心

Marx’s Initial Exploration of Philosophical Revolution Based on Notes on Epicurean Philosophy

马克思在《关于伊壁鸠鲁哲学的笔记》中采用“自我借镜”的方式对古希腊哲学和后黑格尔哲学境域进行考察,明确指出自我意识哲学代表了哲学变革的方向,其理论实质是实践哲学;而“实体-哲人”统一体则是哲学变革的必要中介,其目的是实现哲学的世界化和世界的哲学化。由此可见,哲学变革的最终旨向是一种引导性的目标和价值导向的实践理念,而非具体的经验问题;同时,这一哲学变革探索活动是追求全人类幸福与自由理念引导下的实践活动,亦非纯粹思辨的活动。

In Notes on Epicurean Philosophy,Marx used the method of“self-borrowing”to investigate the realm of ancient Greek philosophy and post-Hegelian philosophy,and clearly pointed out that the philosophy of self-consciousness represents the direction of philosophical change,and its theoretical essence is Practical philosophy.The unity of“substance-philosopher”is a necessary medium for philosophical reform.Its purpose is to realize the globalization of philosophy and the philosophization of the world.It can be seen that the ultimate goal of philosophical change is a guiding goal and value-oriented practical concept,rather than a specific empirical problem.At the same time,this philosophical reform and exploration activity is a practical activity guided by the concept of happiness and freedom for all mankind,and it is not a purely speculative activity.