“实录”概念的两种倾向与《史记》实录精神的双重平衡

The Dual Tendencies of“Veritable Records”and the Dual Balance of the Spirit of Veritable Records in Historical Records

班固对“实录”概念的界定包含两种对立倾向,二者皆其来有自。《史记》的历史书写包含“其文直,其事核”的客观倾向与“不虚美,不隐恶”的主观倾向的平衡;作为“文直事核”的实录,《史记》包含历史细节与理性规律的平衡;作为“彰善贬恶”的实录,《史记》包含理性规律与非理性精神的平衡。这共同构成了《史记》实录精神的双重平衡和留给后世的双重遗产,也是《史记》具有永恒魅力的重要原因。

The definition of“veritable records”by Ban Gu has two opposite tendencies,which both have historical origins.The historical writing of Historical Records keeps a balance between the objective tendency of“words straight,facts checked”and the subjective tendency of“no embellishing,no disguising”.As a veritable record of“words straight,facts checked”,Historical Records keeps a balance between historical details and historical reason.As a veritable record of“praising good deeds and fustigating evil”,Historical Records keeps a balance between historical reason and irrational spirit.These are all the compositions of the dual balance of the“veritable records”of Historical Records and the dual legacy for later generations,which is also the important reason of the eternal charm of Historical Records.