济源市2009-2019年度甲型H1N1流感哨点监测

Sentinel surveillance for influenza A(H1N1)in Jiyuan city,2009-2019

目的分析济源市某哨点医院流感样病例(Influenza like illness,ILI)中甲型H1N1流感检测阳性率。方法2009-2019年度在济源市哨点医院开展ILI监测,采集病例咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸,分析检测阳性率。结果2009-2019年度哨点ILI病例中甲型H1N1流感总检测阳性率为8.52%(470/5516);其中各年度检测阳性率范围为0.00%(2011-2012年)-19.41%(2018-2019年),城区、城乡结合部阳性率分别为8.69%、8.13%;各年龄组阳性率范围为3.33%-14.00%(2009-2014年度)、4.95%-55.56%之间(2014-2019年度),幼托儿童、散居儿童、学生、农民阳性率分别为5.48%、4.56%、5.81%、25.90%,有、无、不详流感疫苗免疫史者分别为4.27%、4.62%、17.78%。结论济源市甲型H1N1流感检测阳性率呈上升趋势,农民、儿童和学生为高危人群;应加强流感疫情调查处置和流感疫苗接种。

Objective To analyze laboratory-proven influenza A(H1 N1)infection among influenza-like-illness(ILI)cases in a sentinel hospital of Jiyuan city.Methods We conducted ILI monitoring during 2009-2019 in a sentinel hospital of Jiyuan.We obtained throat swab samples for detection of influenza A(H1 N1)virus nucleic acid by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and estimated positivity rates.Results The overall positivity rate of influenza A(H1 N1)was 8.52%(470/5516)among sentinel ILI cases during 2009-2019.Positivity rates by year ranged 0.00%(2011-2012)to 19.41%(2018-2019).Positivity rates for urban and rural-urban areas were 8.69%and 8.13%.Positivity rates by age group ranged 3.33%-14.00%in 2009-2014 and 4.95%-55.56%in 2014-2019.Positivity rates for kindergarten children,scattered children,students,and farmers were 5.48%,4.56%,5.81%,and 25.90%.Positivity rates for those who had received influenza vaccine,who had not received influenza vaccine,and whose vaccination histories were unknown were 4.27%,4.62%,and 17.78%.Conclusions Laboratory-proven influenza A(H1 N1)increased in Jiyuan,with farmers,children,and students being high-risk populations.We should enhance influenza surveillance and vaccination.