广州市12320卫生热线使用者埃博拉认知现状与需求的调查

Perception demands of Ebola for the uses of 12320 health hotline in Guangzhou,China

目的了解广州市居民对埃博拉事件的认知需求及其影响因素,为完善政府的相关新发传染病风险沟通对策提供科学依据。方法通过随机抽样的原则,在曾经拨打12320热线的电话号码中抽取1000名受访者。自行设计调查问卷,电话调查。结果完成有效问卷801份,应答率为80.1%。曾听说埃博拉事件的受访者占67.92%(544/803)。仅19.98%的受访者表示不关心全球传染病事件。"文化程度"、"月收入"、"获取信息途径数量"是受访人员是否关心埃博拉事件的影响因素(均有P<0.05),其中"文化程度是本科及以上"、"月收入5000元以上"、"获取信息途径数量3条"分别是"文化程度是高中及以下"、"月收入4999元以下""获取信息途径数量1条以下"的受访者的2.241、1.542、3.091倍(G文化程度=17.578,G月收入=4.242,G获取途径=31.276,P<0.05)。获取途径前5项为:电视、APP推送、公众号、微博、朋友圈。结论拨打广州市12320卫生热线的居民对埃博拉事件有认知需求。获取相关知识的途径,以互联网+为主,应针对不同教育程度的人群结合其需求,以互联网+手段为基础,选取相适宜的健康传播途径开展宣传与干预。

Objective To understand the cognitive needs of the residents of Guangzhou and their influencing factors,and provide a scientific basis for improving the government’s risk communication strategies for new infectious diseases.Method According to the principle of random sampling,1000 respondents were selected from the telephone number that had called 12320 hotline.Design the questionnaire and telephone survey.Results 801 valid questionnaires were completed,and the response rate was 80.1%.67.92%(544/803)of the respondents had heard of Ebola incident.Only 19.98%of the respondents said they did not care about global infectious disease events."Cultural level","monthly income"and"number of access to information"were the factors influencing whether the respondents were concerned about the Ebola incident(both P<0.05);among which,"the degree of education was undergraduate and above"and"monthly income was more than 5000 yuan"and"3 access to information channels"were 2.241,1.542 and 3.091 times of those of respondents with"degree of education was high school and below","monthly income was less than 4,999 yuan",and"number of information channels were less than one"(Gdegree of education=17.578,Gmonthly income=4.242,Gacquisition route=31.276,P<0.05).The top 5 ways to get access were:TV,APP push,public number,Weibo,and circle of friends.Conclusions Residents who dialed the 12320 health hotline in Guangzhou had cognitive needs for the Ebola incident.Internet was the main way to acquire relevant knowledge.It should be targeted at people with different education levels in accordance with their needs,and based on Internet,appropriate healthy communication channels should be selected to carry out publicity and intervention.