甘蓝收获机割台设计与试验

Design and experiment of cutting table of cabbage harvest machine

甘蓝作为我国蔬菜主栽品种之一,其种植面积逐年增大。针对现有甘蓝收获机械存在的切根位置不一致、损伤率高、收获效率低的问题,在甘蓝基础物理性状采集和采收机械力学特性试验研究的基础上,设计一种双行甘蓝收获机。该机采用一次性双行收获方式,配置有专用的手扶式履带动力底盘,收获装置主要包括拔取机构、输送机构、切根机构等,一次下地可完成甘蓝的拔取、输送、切根、装箱等作业。田间试验表明,该收获机割台工作稳定,收获效果良好,切根合格率为95.0%、甘蓝损伤率为6.2%、甘蓝损失率为3.8%,在既定的试验样机田间试验条件的基础上,各项性能指标均达到设计要求和相关标准,可以满足甘蓝的机械化收获要求。研究结果可为甘蓝收获技术及装备的研发提供理论参考和技术支撑。

As one of the main vegetable cultivars in China,the planting area of cabbage is increasing year by year.Aimed at the problems existing in the existing Brassica Olerina harvesting machinery such as inconsistent root cutting position,high damage rate and low harvesting efficiency In this paper,a two-row cabbage harvester was designed based on the physical and mechanical properties of cabbage.The machine adopts double-row harvesting mode and is equipped with a dedicated crawler chassis,and it mainly included drawing mechanism,conveying mechanism,cutting mechanism.At one time,the cabbage can be extracted,transported,root cut,packing and other operations.The field test showed that the cutting table of the harvester worked stably,and the harvest effect was good,the pass rate of root cutting was 95.0%,the damage rate of cabbage was 6.2%,the loss rate of cabbage was 3.8%,on the basis of the established field test conditions of the prototype test,all the performance indexes met the design requirements and relevant standards,and could meet the requirements of the mechanized harvest of cabbage.The results of this study can provide theoretical reference and technical support for the research and development of cabbage harvest technology and equipment.