论《红楼梦》的死亡书写

On Writing of Death in A Dream of Red Mansions

《红楼梦》描写的死亡事件极具悲剧色彩。小说从死亡意象、死亡场景和死亡言说等诸多方面描写死亡,敞开了贾府生活的方方面面,牵引出古老家族的生存境况。小说赋予死亡多重意蕴,将死亡的书写和人的情感需求,孤独和幻灭感融合在一起,直指小说的主题与整体寓意。从形式和内蕴来看,《红楼梦》关于“死亡”的书写都具有一定的现代性,它不仅在艺术上提供了死亡多样化的表达方式,而且在思想上超越了“未知生,焉知死”的儒家美学观念,直面和追问死亡的意义,呼唤人回到本真的存在状态,可以作为现代性语境下关于死亡话题的哲学思考。

The incidents of death in A Dream of Red Mansions were extremely tragic.According to the description of death,such as the image of death,the scene of death and the speaking of death,the novel revealed the family of Jia in many aspects and the living condition of ancient family.The death had abundant meanings,which had a relationship with the feeling of passion,loneliness and disillusion,showing the theme and implied meanings of the novel.In terms of the form and value of death,the writing of death in A Dream of Red Mansions had a certain modernity.It not only provided a variety of expression of death in art,but also in thinking transcended the Confucian aesthetic concept of“He who knows not life knows not death”.It questioned the meaning of death,calling for people to confront death and to return to the free state of life,which can be the philosophical thinking on the topic of death in the context of modernity.