双音节连词“否则”词汇化过程的四种语域模型

Four Register Models of Lexicalization Process of“Fou’ze”and Its Evolution Causes

“否则”是现代汉语中常见的双音节连词。在古代汉语中,“否则”往往表现为一种用以表示否定假设的连词性结构(可记作“否·则”),在这种结构中“否”与“则”是两个骈立的单音节词。根据文献中“否则”句内部结构的差异,可以归纳出四种语域模型,从历时演变的角度来看,可以将其视为“否则”词汇化的不同阶段。从“否·则”到“否则”的演变,前后句法结构的改变及汉语韵律规则的影响是其主要动因。

“Fou’ze”is a common disyllabic conjunction in modern Chinese.And in ancient Chinese it is often a connective structure used to express negative hypothesis,“fou”and“ze”are two parallel monosyllabic words in this circumstance.According to the differences in the internal structure of the“Fou’ze”sentence in the literature,four register models can be concluded.From the perspective of diachronic evolution,these four register models can be regarded as different stages of lexicalization of“Fou’ze”.And from its evolution from two parallel monosyllabic to a disyllabic conjunction,the change of syntactic structure and the influence of Chinese prosodic rules are the main causes.