圆黄梨二主枝水平棚架栽培合理负载量研究

Study on Proper Fruit Load of Wonhwang Pear with a Flat-canopied Pergola System

以八年生圆黄梨为试验材料,设置负载量高、中、低3个处理,研究不同负载量对二主枝水平棚架圆黄梨果实发育、产量、品质、枝类组成和花芽数的影响,以期获得合理负载量。结果表明:随着负载量增大,梨果横径显著减小,单果重显著降低;负载量低的果实品质最好,但其产量显著低于其他2个处理;可溶性固形物含量随着负载量的降低而增加;3个处理4种糖含量由高到低均为蔗糖、果糖、山梨醇、葡萄糖,且负载量中等和负载量低处理的蔗糖含量显著高于负载量高的处理;单株营养枝数量和总枝量随着负载量增高逐渐降低;负载量高的花芽数显著低于其他处理。综上所述,中等负载量即圆黄梨二主枝水平棚架栽培留果量13万个/hm^2左右为其合理负载量。

The 8-year-old Wonhwang pear was used to study the effects of three treatments(high,middle and low fruit load)on fruit growth,yield,fruit quality,branch composition and number of flower buds,in order to obtain the proper fruit load of Wonhwang pear with a flat-canopied pergola system.The results showed that as the fruit load increased,the pear diameter and the single fruit weight decreased significantly.Fruit quality of low fruit load was the best,but its yield was significantly lower than that of high and middle fruit load.The soluble solids content increased with the decrease of the fruit load.Under the three treatments,the four sugar contents of Wonhwang pear were sucrose,fructose,sorbitol and glucose from high to low.Among them,the sucrose contents of middle and low fruit load were significantly higher than that of high fruit load.The number of vegetative branches and the total branches per plant gradually decreased with the increase of fruit load.The number of flower buds in high fruit load was significantly lower than that in middle and low fruit load.In summary,middle fruit load was the proper fruit load of Wonhwang pear with a flat-canopied pergola system which had about 130000 fruits per hectare.