霉菌毒素对肠道紧密连接蛋白的影响及其调控机制

Effects of Mycotoxin on Intestinal Tight Junction Protein and Its Regulation Mechanism

霉菌毒素是由青霉菌、曲霉菌和镰刀菌属产生的具有毒性作用的次级代谢产物,由于其在各种食物和饲料中的普遍存在性,引起了人们的广泛关注。目前霉菌毒素的风险评估主要集中在其肾脏毒性、肝脏毒性、免疫毒性、基因毒性和潜在致癌性等方面。近年来,霉菌毒素的肠道毒性受到了研究者的广泛关注,肠道紧密连接作为肠道屏障的重要组成部分,在霉菌毒素诱导的肠道毒性中发挥了重要的作用,且越来越多的研究表明了肠道紧密连接损伤与肠毒性的密切相关性。不同的细胞和动物试验均表明,霉菌毒素损伤紧密连接,破坏肠道屏障的完整性并诱发肠道毒性。本文就几种主要的霉菌毒素(玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马菌素、黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素以及脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇)对紧密连接的损伤作用进行系统地论述,旨在为霉菌毒素的总体风险评估提供理论依据。

Mycotoxin is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by Penicillium,Aspergillus and Fusarium,it has attracted wide attention because of its universal existence in all kinds of food and feed.At present,the risk assessment of mycotoxins is mainly focused on its nephrotoxicity,hepatotoxicity,immunotoxicity,genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity.In recent years,the enterotoxicity of mycotoxin has been widely concerned by researchers.As an important part of the intestinal barrier,intestinal tight junction plays an important role in the enterotoxicity induced by mycotoxins.More and more studies have shown that there is a close relationship between intestinal tight junction injury and enterotoxicity.Different cell and animal experiments show that mycotoxins damage the integrity of intestinal barrier and induce enterotoxicity.In this paper,the damage effects of several major mycotoxins(zearalenone,fumonisin,aflatoxin,ochratoxin and deoxynivalenol)on tight junctions were systematically discussed in order to provide theoretical basis for the overall risk assessment of mycotoxins.