不同品种饲料稻糙米生长猪有效能及氨基酸消化率评定

Evaluation of Available Energy and Amino Acid Digestibility of Different Varieties of Feed Rice Brown Rice for Growing Pigs

本试验旨在于评定4个品种饲料稻糙米(两优早17、中早39、陆两优996、湘早籼44)生长猪的代谢能(DE)、消化能(ME)、氨基酸表观回肠消化率(AID)和氨基酸标准回肠消化率(SID)。试验1:生长猪有效能评定。试验选取日龄、体重[(25.86±4.81)kg]相近的杜×长×大去势公猪10头,单独饲养在代谢笼内,按体重分为2个区块,每个区块5头猪。采用5×3尤登方设计,以玉米型饲粮为基础饲粮,试验饲粮采用全替代法以不同品种饲料稻糙米替代基础饲粮中的玉米。试验期共30 d。试验2:生长猪氨基酸消化率评定。试验选取日龄、体重[(20.04±3.74)kg]相近、回肠末端装有简单T型瘘管的杜×长×大去势公猪12头,按体重分为2个区块,每个区块6头猪。采用6×3尤登方设计,以玉米型饲粮为基础饲粮,试验饲粮以不同品种饲料稻糙米作为唯一氨基酸来源,并设置无氮饲粮用于测定氨基酸内源损失。试验期共21 d。结果显示:1)玉米以及4个品种饲料稻糙米之间总能表观消化率无显著差异(P>0.05);两优早17、中早39、陆两优996、湘早籼44饲料稻糙米的生长猪消化能分别为14.45、14.42、14.13、14.16 MJ/kg,代谢能分别为13.83、13.87、13.46、13.49 MJ/kg,与玉米的生长猪消化能14.49 MJ/kg和代谢能13.81 MJ/kg均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)4个品种饲料稻糙米中异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、丙氨酸在生长猪上的AID均显著高于玉米(P<0.05),异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、丙氨酸在生长猪上的SID均于显著高于玉米(P<0.05)。综上所述,从有效能和氨基酸消化率上看,4个品种饲料稻糙米(两优早17、中早39、陆两优996、湘早籼44)均具有替代玉米作为生长猪能量饲料原料的潜力。

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate 4 varieties of feed rice brown rice(Liangyouzao 17,Zhongzao 39,Luliangyou 996 and Xiangzaoxian 44)to determine digestible energy(DE)and metabolic energy(ME),and the apparent ileal digestibility(AID)and the standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of amino acids for growing pigs.In experiment 1:the evaluation of available energy.Ten growing barrows with the similar age and body weight[(25.86±4.81)kg]were housed individually in metabolism cages were selected.The experiment was design by an 5×3 Youden square.Pigs were divided into 2 blocks according to body weight and 5 pigs in each block were used.Using corn-based diet as a basal diet,and experiment diets were formulated by all substitution method using different varieties of feed rice brown rice to replace corn in the basal diet.The trial lasted for 30 days.In experiment 2:the evaluation of amino acid digestibility for growing pigs.Twelve growing barrows with the similar age and body weight[(20.04±3.74)kg]with a T-cannula in the distal ileum divided into 2 blocks according to body weight,6 pigs in each block,designed by an 6×3 Youden square.A nitrogen-free diet and 5 diets that contained corn and four rice varieties(Liangyouzao 17,Zhongzao 39,Luliangyou 996 and Xiangzaoxian 44)as the sole source of amino acid were formulated.The trial period was 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)The apparent digestibility of gross energy was no significant difference among four varieties feed rice brown rice and corn(P>0.05).The DE of Liangyouzao 17,Zhongzao 39,Luliangyou 996 and Xiangzaoxian 44 feed rice brown rice for growing pigs was 14.45,14.42,14.13 and 14.16 MJ/kg,and the ME was 13.83,13.87,13.46 and 13.49 MJ/kg,respectively.There were no significant differences in DE and ME among four varieties feed rice brown rice and corn(DE:14.49 MJ/kg;ME:13.81 MJ/kg)(P>0.05).2)The AID of isoleucine,leucine,lysine,threonine,valine and alanine of four varieties feed rice brown rice for growing pigs was significantly higher than that of corn(P<0.05);the SID of isoleucine,leucine,lysine,phenylalanine,threonine,valine and alanine of four varieties feed rice brown rice for growing pigs was significantly higher than that of corn(P<0.05).In summary,from the comparison of effective energy value and amino acid digestibility,the four kinds of feed rice brown rice have the potential to replace corn as an energy feed material for growing pigs,thereby reducing dependence on corn.