不同铜源对冬毛期乌苏里貉生产性能、血清生化指标及肝脏相关基因表达的影响

Effects of Different Copper Sources on Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Liver Related Gene Expression of Raccoon Dogs in Winter Fur-Growing Period

本试验旨在研究不同铜源对冬毛期乌苏里貉生产性能、脏器指数、血清生化指标及肝脏相关基因表达的影响。随机选取(135±5)日龄、健康的雄性乌苏里貉60只,随机分为4组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只。在基础饲粮中分别添加硫酸铜(Ⅰ组)、碱式氯化铜(Ⅱ组)、混合铜(Ⅲ组,碱式氯化铜和蛋氨酸铜,添加比例为1∶1,以铜元素计)和蛋氨酸铜(Ⅳ组),添加水平均为60 mg/kg。每组选取8只动物进行采血与屠宰试验。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)Ⅰ组末重显著低于其余各组(P<0.05),Ⅳ组针毛长显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。2)不同铜源对脏器指数没有显著影响(P>0.05)。3)Ⅰ、Ⅱ组血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著低于Ⅲ、Ⅵ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ组血清铜蓝蛋白(CER)活性显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ、Ⅵ组血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅵ组血清铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-Zn SOD)活性显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。4)Ⅳ组肝脏CER基因相对表达量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肝脏生长激素受体(GHR)基因相对表达量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肝脏胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)基因相对表达量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肝脏Cu-Zn SOD基因相对表达量显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加蛋氨酸铜和混合铜可以显著提升冬毛期乌苏里貉的体重、血清CER与Cu-Zn SOD活性及肝脏GHR、IGF-Ⅰ、CER与Cu-Zn SOD基因相对表达量;结合实际生产,建议生产中有机铜与无机铜混合使用效果更好。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different copper sources on performance,organ indexes,serum biochemical indexes and liver related genes expression of raccoon dogs in winter fur-growing period.Sixty healthy male raccoon dogs at the age of(135±5)days with the similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 15 replicates each and 1 raccoon dog per replicate.The raccoon dogs in the 4 groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 60 mg/kg copper from copper sulfate(groupⅠ),basic copper chloride(groupⅡ)and mixed copper(groupⅢ,the ratio of basic copper chloride to copper methionine was 1∶1)and copper methionine(groupⅣ).The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and the trial period lasted for 60 days.Eight animals in each group were selected for blood collection and slaughter test.The results showed as follows:1)the body weight in groupⅠwas significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05),the guard hair long in the groupⅣwas significantly longer than that in the groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05).2)There was no significant difference in organ indexes among groups(P>0.05).3)The serum glucose(GLU)content in groupsⅢandⅣwas significantly higher than that in the groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05).The serum ceruloplasmin(CER)content in the groupsⅡ,ⅢandⅣwas significantly higher than that in the groupⅠ(P<0.05).The serum total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in groupsⅢandⅣwas significantly higher than that in the groupⅠ(P<0.05).The serum copper and zinc superoxide dismutase(Cu-Zn SOD)activity in groupⅣwas significantly higher than that in the groupⅠ(P<0.05)4)The relative expression level of CER gene in groupⅣwas significantly higher than that in groupⅠ(P<0.05).The relative expression level of growth hormone receptor(GHR)gene in groupsⅢandⅣwas significantly higher than that in groupⅠ(P<0.05).The relative expression level of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)gene in groupsⅢandⅣwas significantly higher than that in groupⅠ(P<0.05).The relative expression level of Cu-Zn SOD gene in groupsⅢandⅣwas significantly higher than that in groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05).Under the condition of this experiment,copper methionine and mixed copper groups significantly increase the body weight,serum CER and Cu-Zn SOD activities,and significantly increase the relative expression levels of GHR,IGF-Ⅰ,CER and Cu-Zn SOD genes.Combined with actual production,it is suggested that organic copper and inorganic copper should be mixed in production.