一种提高圆极化阵列天线宽角扫描特性的设计方法研究

A Design Method for Improving Wide Angle Scanning Characteristics of Circularly Polarized Array Antenna

通过对传统矩形和圆形微带贴片天线单元的仿真与优化,提出了一种低剖面宽波束圆极化阵列天线单元结构。用该天线单元采用顺序旋转布阵得到2×2子阵,再由子阵扩展成为8×8矩形阵列。通过HFSS仿真验证了该阵列天线具备理想的宽角扫描特性和圆极化特性,天线在工作频段内可实现方位360°、俯仰±60°扫描,扫描范围内天线增益波动小于3 dB,轴比小于2.8 dB,同时天线还具有极低的剖面,高度尺寸仅为0.05λ0。针对传统圆极化阵列天线的扫描特性,分析并总结了一种提高宽角扫描特性的设计方法,可在不增加天线剖面的情况下,扩展单元波束宽度并抑制互耦,实现圆极化阵列天线宽角扫描。

A low profile wide-beam circularly polarized array antenna element structure is proposed,through the simulation and optimization of the traditional rectangular and circular microstrip patch antenna.The antenna unit is used to sequentially rotate the array to obtain a 2×2 sub-array,which is then expanded into an 8×8 rectangular array.It is verified by HFSS simulation that the array antenna has ideal wide-angle scanning characteristics and circular polarization characteristics.The antenna can achieve 360°scanning,±60°elevation in the working frequency band.The antenna gain fluctuation within the scanning range is less than 3dB,and the axial ratio is less than 2.8dB.At the same time,the antenna has a very low profile,and the height dimension is only 0.05λ0。Aimed at scanning characteristic of traditional circularly polarized array antenna,a design method for improving wide-angle scanning performance is analyzed and summarized.It can expand the beam width of the unit and suppress the mutual coupling without increasing the antenna profile,and realize wide-angle scanning of the circularly polarized array antenna.