国际劳工组织职业教育策略的百年回顾——基于国际劳工大会文件的文本分析

Review on ILO’s Vocational Education Strategies over 100 Years--Based on Analysis of International Labour Conference Documents

2019年国际劳工组织迎来了百年诞辰。在过去的百年里,国际劳工组织对世界职业教育的发展做出了显著贡献。其职业教育策略演变经历了四个阶段:经济危机下的特定行业职业教育、机会均等理念下的全员职业培训、人力资源开发下的体系建设、知识社会与体力劳动下的技能开发。在行动路径与时俱进的同时,国际劳工组织始终坚持社会正义的核心价值和三方共赢的决策思路。工作世界研究、技能形成全球治理以及高质量学徒制,是国际劳工组织职业教育发展策略的未来重点。

International Labour Organization(ILO) celebrated its 100th birthday in 2019. In the past century, the ILO has made significant contributions to the development of world vocational education. Its vocational education strategies have experienced four stages of evolution: vocational education for specific industries under the economic crisis, vocational training for all based on the idea of equal opportunities, system building under human resource development, skill development for knowledge society and decent work. While its action path keeps advancing with the times, the ILO always adheres to the core values of social justice and the decisionmaking rules of benefiting governments, employers and labors. The ILO may highly probably focus its future strategy for vocational education development on work research, global governance of skills formation, and high-quality apprenticeship.