扩散加权成像表观扩散系数在乳腺癌中的应用进展

Progress in the application of apparent diffusion coefficient of diffusion weighted imaging in breast cancer

目的乳腺癌已成为中国女性最常见的癌症,乳腺MRI在乳腺疾病的诊断中越来越重要。MRI在诊断乳腺癌时有较高的敏感性,但是特异性低,因此扩散加权成像(DWI)作为乳腺MRI的一种重要补充技术,可以提高其特异性,已经在临床中得到广泛应用。表观扩散系数(ADC)是衡量组织中水分子扩散的指标,可通过DWI图像计算获得。DWI-ADC值在鉴别乳腺良恶性病变及评估乳腺癌预后、转移风险、新辅助化疗疗效及乳腺癌筛查等方面的研究成为热点。基于这一领域的最新研究成果,本文将从DWI-ADC的基本原理、2.1-2.5标题加入、局限性及展望进行综述。

Breast cancer has become the most common cancer in Chinese women,and breast magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has become increasingly important in the diagnosis of breast diseases.MRI has high sensitivity in the diagnosis of breast cancer,but lack specificity.As an important supplementary technique for breast MRI,diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)can improve the specificity and has been widely used in clinic.Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)is a measure of the diffusion of water molecules in tissues,which can be calculated using diffusion-weighted images.DWI-ADC value becomes a hot topic in the differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions and evaluating the prognosis,metastasis risk and chemotherapy efficacy of breast cancer.Building upon recent surveys of this field,this article reviews the basic principle,application progress,limitation and prospect of DWI-ADC.