科学与艺术:测量在社会科学研究中的应用——兼论西藏社会科学研究中测量逻辑的运用

Science and Art:Application of Measurement in Social Science Research:It also discusses the application of measurement logic in social science research in Tibet

在社会科学研究中,系统的观察表现为测量。测量在本质上具有社会特性,是社会科学的重要研究工具。量化研究与质性研究并不排斥,二者的结合有助于推进研究。社会科学研究测量中有三个维度上的限制:系统测量语言的缺乏、测量单位的贫乏和思想观念上实验落后于推理。通过以反思性逻辑为主的测量逻辑的推进可以较好地应对这些限制。以布洛维意义上的“反思性”为基础可以形成两个图式:“反思性逻辑链与测量的总结式回旋”和“反思性逻辑圈”。把反思性逻辑看作一种“研究介质”具有重要意义,有助于推进社会科学研究中对测量的认知和进一步应用。

In social science research,systematic observation is measurement.Measurement has social characteristics in nature and is an important research tool of social science.Quantitative research and qualitative research are not mutually excluded in social science research,and the combination of them is helpful to promote research.In social science research and measurement,it is generally believed that there are three dimensions of limitations:the lack of systematic measurement language,the lack of measurement unit,and the experiment of idea lags behind the reasoning.These limitations can be better dealt with by the advance of measurement logic based on reflective logic.Two schemas can be formed on the basis of“reflectiveness”in the sense of Burawoy:“Reflexive Logic Chain and Summary Roundabout of Measurement”and“Reflective Logic Circle”.It is of great significance to regard reflective logic as a research medium,which is helpful to promote the cognition and further application of measurement in social science research.