大豆诱变育种的研究进展

Research progress of mutation breeding in soybean

诱变育种是一种被广泛应用的育种方法,为大豆新品种选育提供了手段。文章综述了甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)、乙烯亚胺(EI)等化学诱变方法,电离辐射、激光等物理诱变方法以及航天诱变育种等方法在大豆育种中的应用机理;分析了诱变对大豆植株的表型、生理生化、抗病性的影响及突变体的筛选鉴定方法,并对今后大豆诱变育种技术进行了展望。

Mutation breeding is a widely used breeding method,which provides a means for the selection and breeding of new soybean varieties.This paper reviews the application mechanism of chemical mutagenesis(EMS,EI),physical mutagenesis(ionizing radiation,laser)and aerospace mutagenesis breeding in soybean breeding.The effects of mutagenesis on phenotype,physiology,biochemistry,disease resistance of soybean plant and the screening and identification methods of mutants were analyzed,and also the future soybean mutagenesis breeding technology was prospected.