钾元素缺乏对油麦菜生长的影响

Effects of potassium deficiency on the growth of Lactuca sativa L.

【目的】揭示缺钾对油麦菜生长发育的影响。【方法】利用无土基质栽培,测定不缺钾(CK)、缺钾50%和缺钾100%营养液处理下油麦菜叶片数、根长、叶长、叶宽、地下部鲜重、地上部鲜重、地下部干重、地上部干重、叶面积、根冠比等形态指标。【结果】不同程度钾元素缺乏对油麦菜生长状况的影响在第28天最为明显,采用不缺钾营养液处理的油麦菜,长势最好,叶片数最多,叶长、叶宽、叶面积、根长、重量最大,含水量最高;缺钾100%营养液处理的油麦菜,植株最小,叶片数最少,叶长、叶宽、叶面积、根长、重量最小,含水量最低;缺钾50%营养液处理的油麦菜,植株生长情况居中。【结论】钾元素能够促进油麦菜的生长发育,提高油麦菜的根长、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、重量;油麦菜对钾元素的敏感性较强。

【Objective】To reveal the effects of potassium deficiency on the growth and development of Lactuca sativa L..【Methods】The soil-less substrates were used for cultivation,and morphological indexes such as number of leaves,root length,leaf length,leaf width,underground fresh weight,above-ground fresh weight,underground dry weight,above-ground dry weight,leaf area and root-crown ratio were determined under the treatment of no potassium deficiency(CK),50%potassium deficiency and 100%potassium deficiency.【Results】The effects of different degrees of potassium deficiency on the growth status of lettuce was most obvious on the 28th day.The lettuce grown with no potassium nutrient solution had the best growth,with the largest number of leaves,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,root length,weight,and the highest water content.Lactuca sativa L.treated with 100%potassium deficiency nutrient solution had the smallest plant,the smallest number of leaves,the largest leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,root length,weight,and the smallest water content.The plant growth of lettuce that was treated with 50%potassium deficiency nutrient solution was in the middle.【Conclusion】Potassium could promote the growth and development of Lactuca sativa L.,and increased the root length,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,weight,and lettuce is sensitive to potassium.