老年女性T2DM患者糖化血红蛋白控制的影响因素分析

Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Glycosylated Hemoglobin Control in Elderly Women with T2DM

目的:探讨老年女性2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者糖化血红蛋白控制的影响因素。方法:选取2017年4月-2019年5月本院收治的老年女性T2DM患者214例,收集其基本资料,记录糖化血红蛋白水平和行为特征。以糖化血红蛋白水平<7%为达标,比较不同人口特征及行为特征的糖化血红蛋白达标率,分析糖化血红蛋白控制的影响因素。结果:214例患者中共有66例(30.8%)糖化血红蛋白水平达标。不同职业及文化水平患者的糖化血红蛋白达标率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不吸烟、每年进行1次及以上健康教育及每月监测2次及以上血糖者的糖化血红蛋白达标率高于吸烟、不进行健康教育及每月血糖监测小于2次者(P<0.05)。健康教育为老年女性T2DM患者糖化血红蛋白达标率的保护因素,吸烟为老年女性T2DM患者糖化血红蛋白达标率的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:老年女性T2DM患者糖化血红蛋白控制情况欠佳,健康教育为老年女性T2DM患者糖化血红蛋白控制的保护因素,而吸烟为独立危险因素。临床应定时予以宣传教育,引导患者戒烟,以此控制糖化血红蛋白水平,进而提升患者的生存质量。

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of glycated hemoglobin control in elderly women with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Method:A total of 214 elderly female patients with T2DM admitted to our hospital from April 2017 to May 2019 were selected,their basic data,glycosylated hemoglobin levels and behavioral characteristics were collected.With the glycosylated hemoglobin level<7%as the standard,the attainment rates of glycosylated hemoglobin with different demographic characteristics and behavioral characteristics were compared,and the influencing factors of glycosylated hemoglobin control were analyzed.Result:Among 214 patients,66 cases(30.8%)achieved the standard of glycosylated hemoglobin level.There were statistically significant differences in glycosylated hemoglobin compliance rate of patients with different occupation and education level(P<0.05).The glycosylated hemoglobin compliance rate of patients did not smoke,had health education once a year or more,and monitored blood glucose twice a month or more were higher than those smoked,did not carry out health education and had blood glucose monitoring less than twice a month(P<0.05).Health education was the protective factor of glycated hemoglobin compliance rate of elderly women with T2DM,and smoking was an independent risk factor of glycated hemoglobin compliance rate in elderly female T2DM patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:Elderly women with T2DM have poor control of glycated hemoglobin,health education is a protective factor for the control of glycated hemoglobin in elderly women with T2DM,while smoking is an independent risk factor.Regular clinical publicity and education and guiding patients to quit smoking are helpful to control the level of glycosylated hemoglobin and improve the quality of life.